Mirror box therapy exercises for stroke recovery saebo. Clinical question compared with no treatment, placebo or sham therapy, or other treatments, how effective is mirror therapy mt in improving motor function, motor impairment, activities of daily living, pain and visuospatial neglect after stroke involving a paralysed arm or leg. Electronic databases, including the cochrane library, pubmed, medline, embase and cnksystematic, were searched for relevant studies published in english between 1 january 2007 and 22 june 2017. Mirror therapy for improving motor functions in patients. Abstract after a stroke upper limbs may display motor deficits that could lead to functional disability.
Mirror therapy enhances upper extremity motor recovery in. Reduced motor function negatively impacts independence and overall quality of life for millions of survivors around the globe. Improvement in upper limb motor function was reported in terms of either improved. The research on how well this intervention works is still quite new. Frontiers rehabilitation of motor function after stroke.
Arm and hand mental practice mirror therapy neuroplasticity. Mirror therapy improves motor function after stroke. This low tech treatment may be worth your attention to supplement the traditional techniques you already use. Mirror therapy mt uses visual feedback while focusing on the movement of contralateral limbs. There is some encouraging evidence that suggests that by using mirror therapy, the part of your brain that is damaged is stimulated, encouraging recovery. To evaluate the mean treatment effect of mirror therapy on motor function of the upper extremity in patients with stroke. Reviewi mirror therapy for improving motor function after stroke.
Mirror therapy is used to improve motor function after stroke. All of these factors contribute to a low overall quality of life. Mirror therapy is especially useful for people who have very little movement of their arm and hand after a stroke. Rehabilitation training is the most effective way to reduce motor. In this case report, the use of mirror therapy mt for the reduction of cpsp in a subject after a stroke involving thalamus is presented. To understand how this process works, youll need to know about mirror neurons and neuroplasticity. Ramachandran for phantom limb pain following amputation, is a form of motor imagery in which a mirror. During mirror therapy, a mirror is placed in the patients midsagittal plane, thus reflecting movements of the nonparetic side as if it were the affected side. Mirror therapy is being used more and more in stroke rehabilitation to dupe the brain and restore limb function 1. Mirror therapy efficacy in upper limb rehabilitation early. Pdf mirror therapy for improving motor function after stroke. The results indicate evidence for the effectiveness of mirror therapy for improving upper extremity motor function, motor impairment, activities of daily living, and pain, at least as an adjunct to conventional rehabilitation for people after stroke.
To summarise the effectiveness of mirror therapy for improving motor function, activities of daily living, pain and visuospatial neglect in patients after stroke. Spatial neglect has proven to be detrimental for functional recovery and is associated with. Treatment effects improving motor function reducing pain reducing neglect reducing sensory impairment. This study aimed to bring together evidence to show the main effects of mt in the motor recovery of paretic upper limbs after a.
Although originally proposed for phantom pain, mirror therapy has also been used as an additional form of therapy for stroke patients, improving motor function and daily activities while reducing pain. Mirror therapy, a treatment technique first described by v. The results indicate evidence for the effectiveness of mirror therapy for improving upper extremity motor function, activities of daily living and pain, at least as an adjunct to normal rehabilitation for patients after stroke. Results mirror therapy may increase motor function between the second and sixth week of intervention, with a standardized mean difference smd of.
Unilateral dorsiflexor strengthening with mirror therapy. Stroke is one of the leading causes for disability worldwide. Combining afferent stimulation and mirror therapy for improving muscular, sensorimotor, and daily functions after chronic stroke. Five years after a right lenticularcapsular thalamic stroke, despite a good recovery of. Stroke affects up to 10% of older adults in canada 6, making it the third leading cause of death nationally 7, and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide 1. Mirror therapy to improve hand function after stroke. Mirror therapy exercises for improving arm and hand. The effect of mirror therapy on functional recovery of upper. Mirror therapy is a priming technique to improve motor function of the affected arm after stroke. Objectives to summarise the effectiveness of mirror therapy compared with no treatment, placebo or sham therapy, or other treatments for improving motor function and motor impairment after stroke. Effectiveness of mirror therapy on function for chronic. This study demonstrates the feasibility of the combination treatment and the need for future studies with larger sample sizes to investigate the effectiveness of the treatment. Background mirror therapy is used to improve motor function after stroke. Motor function deficits due to stroke affect the patients mobility, their limitation in daily life activities, their participation in society and their odds of returning to professional activities.
Review mirror therapy for improving motor function after stroke. Denise blanchard is senior lecturer, school of nursing and midwifery, university of western sydney. Methods twentyfour patients with leprosy who presented with unilateral grade 2 disabilities were recruited from july 2016 to november 2016 and randomly assigned. Motor function improvement with mirror therapy in stroke. At the end of treatment, mirror therapy moderately improved movement of the affected upper and lower limb and the ability to carry out daily. During mirror box therapy, people place their affected arm inside a box, where they are unable to see it. During mirror therapy, a mirror is placed in the patients midsagittal plane, thus reflecting movements of. To summarise the effectiveness of mirror therapy compared with no treatment, placebo or sham therapy, or other treatments for improving motor function and motor impairment after stroke. Mirror therapy is widely used by therapists in the rehabilitation after stroke and uses the crosseducation principle to improve motor function, activities of daily living and pain in the more.
Mirror therapy for improving motor function after stroke. Most research to date supports mt in conjunction with traditional stroke rehabilitation producing positive effects on ue function, including improvements in motor recovery and performance of the affected ue when provided within 2 to 12 mo poststroke at a high intensity. During mirror therapy, a mirror is placed in the persons midsagittal plane, thus reflecting movements of the nonparetic. This article will explain what mirror therapy for stroke is, what evidence supports its use, and how to begin this treatment. In a mirror box the patient places the good limb into one. Blanchard d 2015 improving upper limb function after stroke. Mirror therapy for improving motor function after stroke thieme, h. The wider use of mirrors in this way is known as mirror therapy or mirror visual feedback mvf. The effects of mirror therapy on arm and hand function in subacute stroke in patients.
Virtual reality mirror therapy for stroke full text view. A mirror is placed in the patients mid sagittal plane, thus reflecting movements of the nonparetic side as if it were the affected side. A mirror box is a box with a mirror down the center facing toward a patients intact limb, invented by vilayanur s. Major limitations are small sample sizes and lack of reporting of methodological details, resulting in uncertain evidence quality. Mirror box therapy is a treatment option that has shown promise for people with difficulty moving their arm after a brain injury, such as stroke. Rothgangel as, braun sm, beurskens aj, seitz rj, wade dt. Mirror therapy for improving lower limb motor function and. Mirror therapy for improving lower limb motor function and mobility after stroke. Mirror therapy mt is a therapeutic tool in the rehabilitation of upper limbs ul. Background mirror therapy has been used to treat phantom limb pain and to improve motor function after stroke. Mirror therapy exercises for improving arm and hand function after stroke. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of mirror therapy program in addition with physical therapy methods on upper limb recovery in patients with subacute ischemic stroke.
Mirror therapy for improving movement after stroke cochrane. During mirror therapy, a mirror is placed in the patients midsagittal plane, thus. Then, at the end of this article, well show you how to do mirror how mirror therapy helps improve movement after stroke even with. And the mirror therapy group showed significant improvement in grip strength, manual dexterity, functional. Resistance training after stroke improves muscle strength, gait speed, motor function and quality of life without worsening spasticity. Mirror therapy for motor function of the upper extremity. Unilateral strength training with and without a mirror to. Although this visual illusion is a common ingredient in published. Mirror therapy can improve upperextremity motor function and activities of daily living after stroke and can be a useful adjunct to other therapies. A mirror therapybased action observation protocol to. Mirror therapy for improving motor function after stroke request. This study evaluates the effects of mirror therapy on upperlimb motor impairment in stroke patients early after their cerebrovascular accident. A stroke causes bilateral impairments in strength and sensorimotor functions, where the paretic side is more affected than the nonparetic side.
During mirror therapy, a mirror is placed in the persons midsagittal. Mirror therapy for an adult with central poststroke pain. Treatment of central poststroke pain cpsp after a thalamiccapsular stroke is generally based on pharmacological approach as it is low responsive to physiotherapy. Mirror therapy with neuromuscular electrical stimulation for improving motor function of stroke survivors. A total of 37 participants in the chronic stage after stroke were randomly. Scroll down to read the article or download a printfriendly pdf here.
During mt, a person performs movement of or receives touch to the unimpaired limb while watching its mirror reflection superimposed over the unseen impaired limb. Electronic databases, including the cochrane library, pubmed, medline, embase and cnki, were searched for relevant studies published in english between 1 january 2007 and 22 june 2017. Mirror therapy to improve hand function after stroke youtube. Mirror therapy with neuromuscular electrical stimulation. Mirror therapy for improving motor function after stroke source. Request pdf mirror therapy for improving motor function after stroke objectives. We evaluated the efficacy of mirror therapy in patients with leprosy with paresis. Backgroundins mirror therapy is used to improve motor function after stroke. Mirror therapy offers an interesting method for regaining mobility after a stroke even if the hand and arm are paralyzed. They then focus their attention on the outside of the box, which has been fitted with a mirror. Mirror therapy for improving motor function after stroke stroke. During mirror therapy, a mirror is placed in the patients midsagittal plane, thus reflecting movements of the non.
To investigate whether a mirror therapybased action observation ao protocol contributes to motor learning of the affected arm after stroke. Nearly 800,000 people suffer strokes in the united states annually, and more than 80 percent of these individuals experience a motor deficit as a result. International journal of rehabilitation research 363. Principle of mirror therapy in mirror therapy, a mirror is placed beside the unaffected limb, blocking the view of the affected limb. The mirror therapy can bring positive changes for motor recovery of. Improving upper limb function after stroke nursing times. Therefore, mirror therapy has been used in many clinical. Mirror therapy for improving motor function after stroke journal of. The mirror reflection creates the illusion that the affected side moves with a normal movement.
We also aimed to assess the effects of mirror therapy on activities of daily living, pain, and visuospatial neglect. The effects on motor function were stable at follow. Ramachandran to help alleviate phantom limb pain, in which patients feel they still have a limb after having it amputated. Mirror therapy is an example of a priming technique for improving motor function after stroke. Interventions for improving upper limb function after stroke. In recent years mirror therapy has been used in stroke rehabilitation, both to ease motor e. During mirror therapy, a mirror is placed in the persons midsagittal plane, thus reflecting movements of the non.